Concentration of Calcium, Phosphate and Fluoride Ions in Microbial Plaque and Saliva after Using CPP-ACP Paste in 6-9 year-old Children

Poureslami Hr; Hoseinifar Ra; Hoseinifar Re; Sharifi H; Poureslami P

Concentration of Calcium, Phosphate and Fluoride Ions in Microbial Plaque and Saliva after Using CPP-ACP Paste in 6-9 year-old Children

J Dent Biomater. 2016 Jun;3(2):214-219.

Authors

Poureslami Hr¹, Hoseinifar Ra², Hoseinifar Re³, Sharifi H⁴, Poureslami P⁵

Affiliations

¹ Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center AND Kerman Social Determinants on Oral Health Research Center AND Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
² Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
³ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
⁴ Regional Knowledge Hub, and WHO Collaborating Centre for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
⁵ School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

PMID: 28959745
PMCID: PMC5608054

Abstract

Statement of problem: Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. The balance between demineralization and remineralization of the decayed teeth depends on the calcium and phosphate content of the tooth surface. Therefore, if a product such as casein phospho peptides - amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP- ACP) which can significantly increase the availability of calcium and phosphate in the plaque and saliva should have an anti-caries protective effect.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of calcium, phosphate and fluoride in the plaque and saliva of children before and after applying the CPP-ACP paste.

Materials and methods: A total of 25 children aged between 6-9 years were selected for this clinical trial study. At first, 1 ml of unstimulated saliva was collected and then 1 mg of the plaque sample was collected from the buccal surfaces of the two first primary molars on the upper jaw. In the next step, CPP-ACP paste (GC Corp, Japan) was applied on the tooth surfaces and then the plaque and saliva sampling was performed after 60 minutes. The amount of calcium ions was measured by Ion meter instrument (Metrohm Co, Swiss) and the amounts of phosphate and fluoride ions were measured by Ion Chromatography instrument (Metrohm Co, Swiss). Data were analyzed using paired t-test at a p < 0.05 level of significance.

Results: There were statistically significant differences in the calcium and phosphate concentration of the saliva and plaque before and after applying the CPP-ACP paste. There were also statistically significant differences in the fluoride levels of the plaque before and after applying the CPP-ACP paste. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the fluoride levels of the saliva before and after applying the CPP-ACP paste.

Conclusions: In this study, the use of the CPP-ACP paste significantly increased the fluoride levels of the plaque and the calcium and phosphate levels of both saliva and plaque. Hence, CPP-ACP paste can facilitate the remineralization of tooth surfaces and is useful for protecting the primary teeth.

Keywords: Fluoride; Calcium; Dental Plaque.